MCQs PHARMACOLOGY: Adrenoreceptor activating drugs

001. Sympathetic stimulation is mediated by: a) Release of norepinephrine from nerve terminals b) Activation of adrenoreceptors on postsynaptic sites c) Release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla d) All of the above

002. Characteristics of epinephrine include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It is synthesized into the adrenal medulla b) It is synthesized into the nerve ending c) It is transported in the blood to target tissues d) It directly interacts with and activates adrenoreceptors
003. Which of the following sympathomimetics acts indirectly? a) Epinephrine b) Norepinephrine c) Ephedrine d) Methoxamine
004. Indirect action includes all of the following properties EXCEPT: a) Displacement of stored catecholamines from the adrenergic nerve ending b) Inhibition of reuptake of catecholamines already released c) Interaction with adrenoreceptors d) Inhibition of the release of endogenous catecholamines from peripheral adrenergic neurons
005. Catecholamine includes following EXCEPT: a) Ephedrine b) Epinephrine c) Isoprenaline
d) Norepinephrine
006. Epinephrine decreases intracellular camp levels by acting on: a) α1 receptor b) α2 receptor c) beta1 receptor d) beta2 receptor
007. Which of the following statements is not correct? a) ALFA receptors increase arterial resistence, whereas beta2 receptor promote smooth muscle relaxation b) The skin and splanchic vessels have predominantly alfa receptors c) Vessels in a skeletal muscle may constrict or dilate depending on whether alfa or beta2 receptors are activated d) Skeletal muscle vessels have predominantly alfa receptors and constrict in the presence of epinephrine and norepinephrine
008. Direct effects on the heart are determined largely by: a) Alfa1 receptor b) Alfa2 receptor c) Beta1 receptor d) Beta2 receptor
009. Which of the following effects is related to direct beta1-adrenoreceptor stimulation? a) Bronchodilation b) Vasodilatation c) Tachycardia d) Bradycardia
010. Distribution of alfa adrenoreceptor subtypes is associated with all of the following tissues except those of: a) Heart b) Blood vessels c) Prostate d) Pupillary dilator muscle
011. Beta adrenoreceptor subtypes is contained in all of the following tissues EXCEPT: a) Bronchial muscles b) Heart c) Pupillary dilator muscle d) Fat cells
012. In which of the following tissues both alfa and beta1 adrenergic stimulation produces the same effect? a) Blood vessels b) Intestine c) Uterus d) Bronchial muscles
013. The effects of sympathomimetics on blood pressure are associated with their effects on: a) The heart b) The peripheral resistance c) The venous return d) All of the above
014. A relatively pure alfa agonist causes all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Increase peripheral arterial resistance b) Increase venous return c) Has no effect on blood vessels d) Reflex bradycardia
015. A nonselective beta receptor agonist causes all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Increase cardiac output b) Increase peripheral arterial resistance c) Decrease peripheral arterial resistance d) Decrease the mean pressure
016. Which of the following statement is not correct? a) Αlfa agonists cause miosis b) Αlfa agonists cause mydriasis c) Beta antagonists decrease the production of aqueous humor d) Αlfa agonists increase the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye
017. A bronchial smooth muscle contains: a) Αlfa1 receptor b) Αlfa2 receptor c) Beta 1 receptor
d) Beta 2 receptor
018. All of the following agents are beta receptor agonists EXCEPT: a) Epinephrine b) Isoproterenol c) Methoxamine d) Dobutamine
019. Which of the following drugs causes bronchodilation without significant cardiac stimulation? a) Isoprenaline b) Terbutaline c) Xylometazoline d) Methoxamine
020. Αlfa-receptor stimulation includes all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle b) Contraction of bladder base, uterus and prostate c) Stimulation of insulin secretion d) Stimulation of platelet aggregation
021. Beta1 receptor stimulation includes all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Increase in contractility b) Bronchodilation c) Tachycardia d) Increase in conduction velocity in the atrioventricular node
022. Beta2 receptor stimulation includes all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Stimulation of renin secretion b) Fall of potassium concentration in plasma c) Relaxation of bladder, uterus d) Tachycardia
023. Hyperglycemia induced by epinephrine is due to: a) Gluconeogenesis (beta2) b) Inhibition of insulin secretion (alfa) c) Stimulation of glycogenolysis (beta2) d) All of the above
024. Which of the following effects is associated with beta3-receptor stimulation? a) Lipolysis b) Decrease in platelet aggregation c) Bronchodilation d) Tachycardia
025. Which of the following statements is not correct? a) Epinephrine acts on both alfa- and beta-receptors b) Norepinephrine has a predominantly beta action c) Methoxamine has a predominantly alfa action d) Isoprenaline has a predominantly beta action
026. Indicate the drug, which is a direct-acting both alfa- and beta-receptor agonist: a) Norepinephrine b) Methoxamine c) Isoproterenol d) Ephedrine
027. Which of the following agents is an alfa1 alfa2 beta1 beta2 receptor agonist? a) Methoxamine b) Albuterol c) Epinephrine d) Norepinephrine
028. Indicate the direct-acting sympathomimetic, which is an alfa1 alfa2 beta1 receptor agonist: a) Isoproterenol b) Ephedrine c) Dobutamine d) Norepinephrine
029. Which of the following agents is an alfa1-selective agonist? a) Norepinephrine b) Methoxamine c) Ritodrine d) Ephedrine
030. Indicate the alfa2-selective agonist: a) Xylometazoline b) Epinephrine c) Dobutamine d) Methoxamine 031. Which of the following agents is a nonselective beta receptor agonist? a) Norepinephrine b) Terbutaline c) Isoproterenol d) Dobutamine
032. Indicate the beta1-selective agonist: a) Isoproterenol b) Dobutamine c) Metaproterenol d) Epinephrine 033. Which of the following sympathomimetics is a beta2-selective agonist? a) Terbutaline b) Xylometazoline c) Isoproterenol d) Dobutamine
034. Indicate the indirect-acting sympathomimetic agent: a) Epinephrine b) Phenylephrine c) Ephedrine d) Isoproterenol
035. Epinephrine produces all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Positive inotropic and chronotropic actions on the heart (beta1 receptor) b) Increase peripheral resistance (alfa receptor) c) Predominance of alfa effects at low concentration d) Skeletal muscle blood vessel dilatation (beta2 receptor)
036. Epinephrine produces all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Decrease in oxygen consumption b) Bronchodilation c) Hyperglycemia d) Mydriasis
037. Epinephrine is used in the treatment of all of the following disorders EXCEPT: a) Bronchospasm b) Anaphylactic shock c) Cardiac arrhythmias d) Open-angle glaucoma
038. Compared with epinephrine, norepinephrine produces all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Similar effects on beta1 receptors in the heart and similar potency at an alfa receptor b) Decrease the mean pressure below normal before returning to the control value c) Significant tissue necrosis if injected subcutaneously d) Increase both diastolic and systolic blood pressure
039. Norepinephrine produces: a) Vasoconstriction b) Vasodilatation c) Bronchodilation d) Decresed potassium concentration in the plasma
040. Which of the following direct-acting drugs is a relatively pure alfa agonist, an effective mydriatic and decongestant and can be used to raise blood pressure? a) Epinephrine b) Norepinephrine c) Phenylephrine d) Ephedrine
041. Characteristics of methoxamine include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It is a direct-acting alfa1-receptor agonist b) It increases heart rate, contractility and cardiac output c) It causes reflex bradycardia d) It increases total peripheral resistance
042. Which of the following agents is an alfa2-selective agonist with ability to promote constriction of the nasal mucosa? a) Xylometazoline b) Phenylephrine c) Methoxamine d) Epinephrine
043. Indicate the sympathomimetic, which may cause hypotension, presumably because of a clonidine-like effect: a) Methoxamine b) Phenylephrine c) Xylometazoline d) Isoproterenol
044. Isoproterenol is: a) Both an alfa- and beta-receptor agonist b) beta1-selective agonist c) beta2-selective agonist d) Nonselective beta receptor agonist
045. Isoproterenol produces all of the following effects EXCEPT: a) Increase in cardiac output b) Fall in diastolic and mean arterial pressure c) Bronchoconstriction d) Tachycardia
046. Characteristics of dobutamine include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It is a relatively beta1-selective synthetic catecholamine b) It is used to treat bronchospasm c) It increases atrioventricular conduction d) It causes minimal changes in heart rate and systolic pressure
047. Characteristics of salmeterol include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It is a potent selective beta2 agonist b) It causes uterine relaxation c) It stimulates heart rate, contractility and cardiac output d) It is used in the therapy of asthma
048. Characteristics of ephedrine include all of the following EXCEPT: a) It acts primarily through the release of stored cathecholamines b) It is a mild CNS stimulant c) It causes tachyphylaxis with repeated administration d) It decreases arterial pressure
049. Ephedrine causes: a) Miosis b) Bronchodilation c) Hypotension d) Bradycardia
050. Compared with epinephrine, ephedrine produces all of the following features EXCEPT: a) It is a direct-acting sympathomimetic b) It has oral activity c) It is resistant to MAO and has much longer duration of action d) Its effects are similar, but it is less potent
051. Which of the following sympathomimetics is preferable for the treatment of chronic orthostatic hypotension? a) Epinephrine b) Norepinephrine c) Ephedrine d) Salmeterol
052. Indicate the sympathomimetic drug, which is used in a hypotensive emergency: a) Xylometazoline b) Ephedrine c) Terbutaline d) Phenylephrine
053. Which of the following sympathomimetics is preferable for the emergency therapy of cardiogenic shock? a) Epinephrine b) Dobutamine c) Isoproterenol d) Methoxamine
054. Indicate the sympathomimetic agent, which is combined with a local anesthetic to prolong the duration of infiltration nerve block: a) Epinephrine b) Xylometazoline c) Isoproterenol d) Dobutamine
055. Which of the following sympathomimetics is related to short-acting topical decongestant agents? a) Xylometazoline b) Terbutaline c) Phenylephrine d) Norepinephrine
056. Indicate the long-acting topical decongestant agents: a) Epinephrine b) Norepinephrine c) Phenylephrine d) Xylometazoline
057. Which of the following topical decongestant agents is an alfa2-selective agonist? a) Phenylephrine b) Xylometazoline c) Ephedrine d) Epinephrine
058. Indicate the sympathomimetic, which may be useful in the emergency management of cardiac arrest: a) Methoxamine b) Phenylephrine c) Epinephrine d) Xylometazoline
059. Which of the following sympathomimetics is used in the therapy of bronchial asthma? a) Formoterol b) Norepinephrine c) Methoxamine d) Dobutamine
060. Indicate the agent of choice in the emergency therapy of anaphylactic shock: a) Methoxamine b) Terbutaline c) Norepinephrine d) Epinephrine
061. Which of the following sympathomimetics is an effective mydriatic? a) Salmeterol b) Phenylephrine c) Dobutamine d) Norepinephrine
062. The adverse effects of sympathomimetics include all of the following EXCEPT: a) Drug-induced parkinsonism b) Cerebral hemorrhage or pulmonary edema c) Myocardial infarction d) Ventricular arrhythmias